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The use of high-strength steels leads to light and economic structures with a reduction in material and especially weld fabrication costs. With the introduction of EN steels with yield strengths up to 700 MPa are standardized. In crane construction the use of quenched and tempered steel S690QL or S960QL can be considered as state of art for many years. Due to the advanced rolling and heat treatment technology such steels combine high s trength with a sufficient level of ductility and good weldability. Nowadays high-strength low alloyed (HSLA) fine-grained steels are being increasingly used in steel construction. The authors envisage prompt availability of both types of HAPS, aerodynamic and aerostatic, providing unprecedented services. This paper provides useful information on the relative importance of the technology evolutions, as well as on the selection of the proper platform for each application or set of payload requirements. On the other hand, airships need to be large and operationally complex but their potential to hover carrying hundreds of kilograms with reasonable power supply make them true pseudo-satellites with enormous commercial interest. Stratospheric airplanes require very light wing loading, which has been demonstrated to be feasible but currently limits their payload mass to few tenths of kilograms. Aerodynamics and aerostatics, structures and materials, propulsion, energy management, thermal control, flight management and ground infrastructures are the critical elements revisited to assess current status and expected short-term evolutions. The careful analysis of involved technologies and their trends allow budget models to shed light on the capabilities and limitations of each solution.
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This paper reviews the major characteristics of stratospheric flight, where airplanes and airships will compete for best performance. Target applications are communications, Earth observation, positioning and science among others. High altitude platforms, or Pseudo-satellites (HAPS), are unmanned vehicles that take advantage of weak stratospheric winds and solar energy to operate without interfering with current commercial aviation and with enough endurance to provide long-term services as satellites do. homeland security defenses.The idea of self-sustaining air vehicles that excited engineers in the seventies has nowadays become a reality as proved by several initiatives worldwide. said last month they would explore the development of sophisticated, high-altitude blimps for use in U.S. In its search for a partner, the company and aerospace giant Boeing Co. The company had been heavily subsidized to create jobs in the economically depressed eastern state of Brandenburg and unveiled a huge hangar for the production of airships in November, 2000. The company had failed to find a partner to keep it alive or to present ``reliable evidence about the marketing of the product and corresponding information about the long-term profitability of the company,″ the statement said.Ĭompleting the development of the airship, which would have been able to lift 160 metric tons, would cost as much as 290 million euros ($282 million), the ministry said.ĬargoLifter filed for bankruptcy in June, weeks after saying it was out of money. The heavily subsidized company never built one of the large airships.ĬargoLifter failed ``to correct the mistakes made by the earlier leadership and to win over potential users of the technology for further engagement with CargoLifter,″ the Finance Ministry said in a statement. CargoLifter, in a nod to the past, had sought to develop modern versions of the Zeppelin to move bulky cargo like turbines and oil rigs across long distances. The government’s refusal could signal the beginning of the company’s demise.